The defending three-time world champion, who revived his title defence with victory at last month’s Monaco Grand Prix, clocked a best lap in one minute and 12.812 seconds, quicker than the championship-leading German by 0.062 seconds.
It was the 53rd pole of Hamilton’s career.
Both men were unable to improve their times on their final runs in the top-ten shootout but their earlier efforts were enough for them to lock out the front row for Mercedes again.